When, after the invention of the telescope, the surface of the Moon was first seen in detail, it was thought that the dark, smooth areas were water. Although we now know that they are areas of younger rock, the original, aquatic Latin names remain. Here they are with their meanings, starting with the seas (Maria):
Mare Australe | Southern Sea
| Mare Crisium | Sea of Crises
| Mare Foecunditatis | Sea of Fertility
| Mare Frigoris | Sea of Cold
| Mare Humboldtianum | Humboldt's Sea
| Mare Humorum | Sea of Moisture
| Mare Imbrium | Sea of Showers
| Mare Marginis | Marginal Sea
| Mare Nectaris | Sea of Nectar
| Mare Nubium | Sea of Clouds
| Mare Orientale | Eastern Sea
| Mare Serenitatis | Sea of Serenity
| Mare Smythii | Smyth's Sea
| Mare Spumans | Foaming Sea
| Mare Tranquillitatis | Sea of Tranquility
| Mare Undarum | Sea of Waves
| Mare Vaporum | Sea of Vapours
| Oceanus Procellarum | Ocean of Storms
| Sinus Aestuum | Seething Bay
| Sinus Iridium | Bay of Rainbows
| Sinus Medii | Central Bay
| Sinus Roris | Bay of Dews
| Palus Epidemarium | Marsh of Diseases
| Palus Nebularium | Marsh of Mists
| Palus Putredinis | Marsh of Decay
| Palus Somnii | Marsh of Sleep
| Lacus Mortis | Lake of Death
| Lacus Somniorum | Lake of the Dreamers
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Latin terms are also frequently used (with greater accuracy) for dry land features such as Rima/Rimae (rille/rilles), Rupes (scarp), Mons/Montes (mountain/mountains), Vallis (valley), Catena (crater chain) and Dorsa (wrinkle ridge).